The coating method influence to appearance of filmy surface form

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1, foreword is advanced production technology is course of forward position of sex of a when 80 time evening puts forward on international 20 centuries omnibus, across, it is production technology and IT and a when other and contemporary hi-tech is united in wedlock and arise complete technology group, and by fair consider as the main technique that faces 21 centuries to promote a country to economy grows and enhance national economy actual strength the method. In light of the angle that develops from the society, mechanization and automation technology make social productivity got developing quickly, modern big industry grows quickly also rise, realized a product specialization and big batch production. As the arrival of information economy times, the value of the product basically originates the information content of knowledge of the technology in the product and advanced production technology. Processing production technique is advanced a component of production technology, and cutting treatment still is the important process with indispensable manufacturing industry at present, it is the main production technology that the industry such as the sources of energy, traffic, car, aerospace, mould, electron makes. Around mix to high speed, high accuracy efficient and flexible the overall objective that changes development, current cutting processing technique has the following the feature of 5 respects: ① develops processing technique of high speed cutting, raise metallic excision rate; ② develops accurate and compound processing technique, raise cutting to machine production efficiency; ③ is had efficient and flexible change treatment characteristic, ke Gengmin nimble and economic ground get used to inaccuracy to decide the demand with changeful to the product market; ④ machines precision stride of precision of class of Xiang Yawei rice; ⑤ does the efficient processing technique of cutting or minim cutting fluid. The nicety in production process, efficient, low cost is advanced the significant progress trend of production technology, it is the technical safeguard that acquires product of high accuracy, high quality, accordingly, expedite the development application of technology of key of new-style cutting cutting tool, the rapid development that machines manufacturing industry to driving cutting has very important sense. At present exterior coating technology already made a kind of of cutting cutting tool very vital crucial technology, since this technology comes out, had all in all effect to the progress of the improvement of cutting tool function and processing technique. Coating cutting tool has made the mark of contemporary cutting tool, especially as multilayer and compound film, gradient film, filmy, Namiduo rice of layer film, accept is compound the structure appears filmily, coating technology already more apply at high speed, high spirit and domain of dry type cutting widely, make one of main instruments that improve cutting tool performance. At present the development of technology of coating of cutting tool surface but simple reduce two respects: It is the research of substaintial to film function, the purpose depends on gaining tall hardness, high stretch model volume and good thermal stability and chemical stability, satisfy the requirement that high speed, efficient cutting machines; The 2 constituent structures that are research film, get the exterior form appearance with compact filmy organization and whole light through sound filmy preparation technology, its purpose depends on raising the dependability of coating cutting tool, at the same time contented essence cuts treatment closely, especially nicety shapes the requirement that cutting machines. The article analysed method of coating of surface of current and main cutting tool to be opposite through experiment observation the influence of appearance of form of cutting tool surface, shallow analyse its are main reason. 2, research and analysis provide the method of exterior coating to basically have with Yu Dao at present: Magnetism of plating of plating of plating of ion of cathode electric arc, hollow cathode ion, hot cathode ion, reaction accuses to splash shoot deposit of ionic plating, chemical gas phase and plasma to assist gas phase deposit to wait, newest development also has the assorted technology of a few kinds of afore-mentioned methods, for instance cathode electric arc adds magnetism to accuse to splash shoot technology, hollow cathode to add magnetism to accuse to splash shoot a technology to wait. This research basically uses electron microscope of scanning of Japanese electron JSM25900 to afore-mentioned of all kinds film exterior form appearance undertakes token, shallow analyse its cause. Experiment research condition: Use electron microscope of scanning of Japanese electron JSM25900, 20KV of working high pressure, SEI electron resembles, enlarge fold 2000; Hard alloy of workpiece material powder, ra0 of exterior surface roughness.

4 μ M. Technology of plating of ion of electric arc of cathode of plating of ion of ① cathode electric arc still is coating of cutting tool surface uses more technology at present. Graph the 1 accept rice TiAlN that is Fu of besmear of company of foreign some coating is filmy exterior form appearance, although filmy surface structure is head and shoulders above accept rice measure, but from place choosing cardinal principle of granularity of vision area analysis is 0.

1 μ of ～ of 5 μ M M, what occupy scale cardinal principle to comparative, relatively even, and the surface does not have other blemish; Graph 2, graph 3 for home some enterprise uses place of cathode electric arc to make appearance of form of TiAlN filmy surface, can see from inside the graph, the surface is put in more field trash, measure size is differ, the largest size exceeds 5 μ M, and by the graph 3 can reach the surface is put in a large number of loose layers. The key of lag of development of technology of domestic cathode electric arc depends on applying the deficiency that fundamental craft studies, in light of the appearance that gives from place token, not only " droplet " control technology needs to study exploration further, and the research work of the mechanism that become film and compact sex still also has a large number of jobs to want to do. Big be mingled with (normally total ply is less than cutting tool film 5 μ M) reach an organization the structure is extremely loose easy cause film to fall off, cause cutting tool early failure, should say this kind of coating is hard to use at accurate cutting to machine. Graph appearance of form of surface of coating of electric arc of cathode of 1 abroad some company pursues surface of coating of electric arc of cathode of 2 home some company pursues 2 　 ② heats up surface of coating of electric arc of cathode of 3 home some company technology of plating of ion of hot cathode of cathode ion plating and likeness of technology of plating of hollow cathode ion, with evaporating ionic plating is a principle, at present the person of home that apply still theres is no lack of its are numerous. Investigate its reason is a technology simple, technology basic research is mature, and can obtain exceedingly good surface to organize a structure. Graph 4, show 5 times for home two coating enterprise besmears the feature of appearance of form of TiN filmy surface of Fu. Surface of hot cathode coating does not have field trash almost, the appearance of initiative surface form that OK and complete duplicate gives base material (see a picture 5) ; Graph the 4 filmy surface form that win to changed place of means of to load of workpiece bias voltage appearance, the ionic energy in coating process produced bigger change, caused the change of exterior form appearance thereby. Reticulate structure may be ionic bombard be caused by, the surface appears few field trash, size dimensions is less than 0.

2 μ M. Only from appearance of filmy surface form character, organization of film of plating of hot cathode ion is compact, more agree with accurate coating, more the application that is helpful for accurate cutting treatment, how be developed afresh accordingly and use the feature of this one conventional engineering technology, the cutting that suit and satisfies current high speed, efficient, high spirit machines a characteristic, can become the technology of coating of a cutting tool henceforth to study one of stresses of development probably. Graph appearance of form of surface of coating of hot cathode of 4 home some company 1 graph magnetism of reaction of ③ of 2 of appearance of form of surface of coating of hot cathode of 5 home some company accuses to splash shoot ionic plating to react magnetism accuses to splash shoot ionic plating technology to already was in in last few years domain of cutting tool coating showed swift and violent development tendency. Reaction magnetism accuses to splash the characteristic that shoots a technology is change of filmy structure composition easy, organization is close, if the graph is shown 6 times,for abroad some company magnetism accuses to splash shoot TiAlN coating, excel of whole of appearance of its surface form heats up technology of cathode ion plated film, but notable is magnetism accuses to splash the change that shoots exterior form appearance to follow craft of coating composition, coating and produce change. Graph 6 ～ the appearance of 9 filmy surface form that are same company, because the difference on craft brought about the distinction on exterior form appearance. Graph 7 for workpiece brim area, surface roughness of itself of base material surface is poorer, filmy the surface is much coarse, emptier; Graph 8, graph 9 for compound sex film. Can reach from inside the graph: Magnetism accuses to splash shoot appearance of exterior coating form to get technology the impact is bigger; Filmy surface still can appear individual huge field trash, measure exceeds 5 μ M; Filmy constituent structure suffers matrix form appearance to affect, can bring about empty the happening that reachs loose phenomenon. Graph 10, graph the 11 magnetism that are another company accuse to splash shoot appearance of filmy surface form, its form appearance and normally magnetism accuses to splash shoot methodological look bigger than existing distinction, the surface submits round garrulous form, also accompany have big field trash, measure exceeds 6 μ M, appearance of this kind of form is more adjacent at film of deposit of chemical gas phase (see a picture 13 with the graph 14) . Pursue magnetism of 6 abroad some company accuses to splash shoot appearance of coating surface form 1 graph magnetism of 7 abroad some company accuses to splash shoot appearance of coating surface form 2 graphs magnetism of 8 abroad some company accuses to splash shoot appearance of coating surface form 3 graphs magnetism of 9 abroad some company accuses to splash shoot coating surface, ionization source rose effectively to evaporate the ionization rate of content, make reaction magnetism accuses to splash shoot ionic plating to be able to come true. Domestic certain a man of insight used principle of this one technology to develop hollow cathode to add magnetism to accuse to splash shoot ionic plating technology. Graph the 12 TiN that for home some enterprise uses Fu of this technology besmear are filmy exterior form appearance, this technology and existence of law of cathode electric arc are at present identical problem, namely field trash is more and measure slants big (be close to 4 μ M) , the job that needs to undertake still is the research development that uses fundamental technology. This technology represented way of a kind of research, also the benefit implementation at different film, explain development difficulty from technical angle under technology of cathode electric arc, but the application that this technology wants field of cutting tool of solid accurate now cutting still has very long way to want. Graph hollow cathode of 12 home some company adds magnetism to accuse to splash shoot chemistry of ⑤ of appearance of coating surface form gas phase deposit and afore-mentioned photographs of all sorts of PVD coating method are compared, distinction of appearance of form of CVD coating surface is great, graph 13, 14 for home the appearance of form of TiN coating surface of some enterprise, the surface submits a shape and round garrulous form, coarse, loose. The respect that because this traditional CVD technique is satisfying contemporary nicety,machines a requirement is inferior at PVD technology, but through adding certain technology shift, there still are its to use value in narrow production field. Graph appearance of form of surface of coating of deposit of chemical gas phase of 13 home some company pursues appearance of form of surface of coating of deposit of chemical gas phase of 14 home some company 3, result and discussion article uses extensively at present through be opposite, the appearance of filmy surface form that has engineering technology of a variety of representative cutting tool coating observes an analysis, if make conclusions,cardinal principle can reach: The sample of article place research takes ① to produce a course at industrialization oneself, random sampling, involve of all kinds company, and appearance use actual cutting cutting tool directly, the surface without special processing, because this experimented to represent coating of current cutting tool as a result true condition; The industrialized production of coating of ② cutting tool and presence of laboratory research result are larger difference, from analysis of appearance of filmy surface form, process of of all kinds production has certain drawback, still have adjust further, those who improve is necessary; Film of coating of plating of ion of ③ hot cathode expresses a mask to have better form appearance, technology of little, production stabilizes field trash; ④ reaction magnetism accuses to splash shoot ionic plating coating to be able to be obtained very smooth appearance of whole filmy surface form, but manufacturing process suffers the effect such as parameter of condition of workpiece condition, equipment, craft, stability is poorer, and Yi Sheng produces individual huge field trash; It is relatively mature that technology of plating of ion of ⑤ cathode electric arc develops in abroad, although appearance of filmy surface form is not perfect, but structure of manufacturing technology stability, filmy organization agrees equably is its biggest characteristic. Technology of plating of ion of cathode electric arc still lacks thorough applied basic research, as bigger than difference as foreign technology photograph, still reach the level that uses extensively hard; ⑥ hollow cathode adds magnetism to accuse to splash shoot ionic plating technology to draw lessons from achieve by compatriots place at assisting ionization source principle, a kind of innovation is on train of thought, but the research that lacks mechanism sex at present, because this produces the technology of with home cathode electric arc in application to be compared in industrialization, do not have substantially distinction, filmy surface coarse, field trash the phenomenon with much, loose organization remains to improve. CNC Milling CNC Machining